THE WORK OF MONTAGUE ULLMAN

As a psychoanalyst who has worked in Sweden and New York Montague ullman is well placed to see the differences in dreams across cultural and national boundaries.

Quite striking differences can emerge in dreams from one country to another. In particular Swedish dreams featured much more natural beauty in them

"The most striking difference between Swedish dreams and the dreams I have encountered in the States in a population drawn largely from urban and suburban areas is the more frequent reference to nature in the dreams of Swedes, e.g. bushes, trees, forests, mountains, streams, etc. Swedes are exposed to the beauty and importance of natural surroundings from an early age on and seem uncomfortable if too long a period elapses without seeing something green. On one occasion in two successive dreams presented in a group, the dreamers were out in the woods picking mushrooms. I have listened to thousands of American dreams and no one ever picked a mushroom! "

He also notes that the Swedes are much more industrious

"The Protestant work ethic as a cultural heritage is far more in evidence. Swedes are very hardworking, industrious and seem to have all their time taken up with duties, obligations to others and concern with the welfare of others to the point where in mid-life their dreams often raise the issue of "what is there in life for me?" In Sweden, as a social democratic country, the group ethic is deeply entrenched, as is sensitivity to the feelings of others. This can be dysfunctional as it sometimes results in the suppression of ones individuality, talent and abilities so as not to stand out or appear different from others. Born into a society that is a bit more left-brain than we are and certainly more rule oriented than we are, their dreams often reveal the need for a wider emotional and imaginative range. This has come out clearly in what I have referred to as the Ingmar Bergman Syndrome. Swedes are more reserved than Americans are on the surface and slow to trust. When, however, trust is established they do it with a quality that is akin to the wonderful innocence of the child. When a Swede shares a dream there is an intensity and depth of feeling that leaves me feeling I am witnessing an Ingmar Bergman scenario."

Ullman also notes the differneces in the dream work.

"Dream work Dream work in Sweden is slightly slower paced than here. Part of this is due to the fact that we are working across languages. More of it has to do with the fact that Swedes use words sparingly and think a bit longer before they speak than Americans. Swedes are also very pragmatic, and when something works, they stay with it. There are groups that have been going continuously for many years there."

Montague Ullman is a psychoanalyst who has worked both in the New York, USA and in Gothenburg, Sweden. He uses group methods to discuss and analyze dreams.

Taken from the Dream Appreciation Newsletter Vol. 2 No. 1, Winter 1997

DREAMS AND THE MIND
THETAWAVES :Hallucinations and dreams
DREAM SYMBOLISM :Neural patterns and their relevance to dream interpretation
ROBERT STICKGOLD:Robert Stickgolds studies of dreams and the game Tetris
NIGHTMARES
DISTURBING DREAMS : Nightmares.
NIGHTMARES : Childrens Nightmares.
WORLD WAR ONE NIGHTMARES : Dreaming of the front line.
NIGHTMARES : A practical study of nightmares showing what individual nightmares meant
CONFRONTING FEAR IN NIGHTMARES : By Dorian Paul

SLEEP PHENONOMA
HYPNOPOMPIC AND HYPNOGOGIC IMAGERY :Hallucinations and dreams
HYPNOGOGIC IMAGERY :Example dreams
SLEEPWALKING :Dreams and sleepwalking
SLEEP DEPRIVATION :The TV reality show "shattered"
CIRCADIAN RYTHMS :Dreams and melatonin
LUCID DREAMS

DREAM SYMBOLISM
ANIMALS IN DREAMS :By Dorian Paul
ANIMALS IN DREAMS : Animals in dreams
COLOURS IN DREAMS : By Urban
COLOURS IN DREAMS : By Kafka
Archetypes and myths : Jungs archetypes by Dorian Paul
INDIVIDUATION : understanding the Jungian approach
ARCHETYPES : Jungian archetypes
EVIL ARCHETYPES : By Dorian Paul
Heros and archetypes : by Dorian Paul
DREAMS AND MUSIC : by Dorian Paul
CRUSH DREAMS : The archetype
DREAM DICTIONARY? : Are we influenced by the dream dictionary we use by "Comrade Bart"

PREMONITIONS AND TELEPATHY
PREMONITION STUDY - A personal study showing how dreams can link to the future
HEART TRANSPLANTS - Does the heart have a memory
DAVID MANDELL :Psychic paintings?
OUT OF BODY EXPERIENCES :OBEs and psychic phenonoma
Premonitions :places deep into the future?
NEURAL IMAGING:Attempts to prove or disprove the existence of ESP
SCIENCE :Towards an understanding of premonitions
EXPERIMENTS :Premonition studies and false premonitions

OTHER ARTICLES

BIG BROTHER : A study of the Big Brother reality show
THE SPIRITUAL APPROACH : By Always Dreaming
INSPIRATION : By Dorian Paul
THE FUNCTION OF DREAMS Why do we dream
COMMUNICATION SKILLS : Dorian Paul on left and right brain issues?
MEDITATION :Using meditation to expand your mind

FAITH AND DREAMS : By Weiss
MONTAGUE ULLMAN : Swedish researcher
DREAM FORUMS : Helpful advice
ETHICAL GUIDELINES : By Dorian Paul
FACTS ABOUT DREAMS : Some thoughts

OTHER DREAM INTERPRETORS

Aisling Ireland : Posts at www.bellaonline.com